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September 16 欧盟二氧化碳排放权不再免费赠送 fromDW德国联邦政府内部就欧盟有关工业执行严格的气候保护条例措施的争端达成一致。今后同无需遵照气候保护条例生产的外国企业在国际市场上同台竞争的德国大型耗电类企业,将得到一些环保政策上的优惠。据路透社报道,德国环境部长加布里尔本周一在柏林表示,他对这一结果表示满意。"这项决定符合我们的要求,同时也代表了欧洲议会工业委员会的意见。"加布里尔说。 经济部和环境部两部委达成的一致将送交布鲁塞尔,作为德国方面对欧盟新规定草案的意见和回应。 欧盟委员会希望根据现有的计划从2013年开始,所有的能源提供商,以及2020年起所有的工业企业都需要购买同时可出售二氧化碳排放量权限。目前相当大的排放量权限仍属于赠送给企业的,只有缺少的一部分才需要在交易所购买。一系列的工业国家包括德国在内希望在二氧化碳排放量权限购买的进程中有效地保护本国生产型工业。 德国政府内部有意见认为,应该为那些参与国际竞争的排放大户继续保留免费的二氧化碳排放权。根据这种意见钢铁和大型化工企业将得到保护。而水泥工业虽然是耗能排污大户,但是却不具备国际竞争力。 无需排放权的耗电大户同样可以享受到政策优惠。因为考虑到届时电价可能会较大幅度提升,这些企业应该通过出售排放权而获得平衡。 德国经济部同环境部之间达成一致,到2013年年中,同印度中国等门槛国家有环境项目合作的企业应该有能力达到额外的节排二氧化碳要求。 目前欧洲议会正在向各国询问对欧盟范围内二氧化碳排放标准和规定的意见,德国政府内部必须尽快达成一致。 September 09 谷歌要下海 | |||||||||||||||||
![]() 英国著名女星凯拉•奈特丽提着I’m not a plastic bag。 | 眼下正是塑料诞生一百周年,Anya Hindmarch与慈善环保机构“We Are What We Do”合作推出限量循环再利用购物袋I’m not a plastic bag(我不是塑料袋),并以让人跌破眼镜的亲民价(5英镑)推出市场。同时,凯拉•奈特丽、瑞茜•维瑟斯朋、丽丽•科尔等明星提着I’m not a plastic bag的照片出现在各大报章杂志上,更是引发了夸张的抢购风潮。据说,有些销售点开市仅一小时便宣告售罄。随后,另一时尚品牌Marc Jacobs也凑来“热闹”,低价推出白色麻布Tote bag。一时间,各大奢侈品牌纷纷打出“反塑料袋”的旗号,推出兼具环保理念和时尚设计的产品。上周,据英国BBC报道,在甩卖季到来之时,“道德时装” 开始再度流行英伦。 |
“道德时装”概念是去年秋季的伦敦时装周时提出的一个新概念。由于其强调绿色环保,因此,“道德时装”又被称为“绿色时尚”。核心概念即这种时装必须在“使用公平贸易产品”、“有机产品”及“循环再生的原材料”三项标准当中至少满足一项。
以I'm not a plastic
bag为例,环保布袋均为中国制造,成品通过海运抵达全球各销售点,品牌为此购买碳减排信用额(carbon
credits)。1997年,京都议定书(Kyoto
Protocol)架构下,对于签约国二氧化碳排放量均有规定,而每个国家再针对产业或个别企业制定排放额度,即碳减排信用额。排放量超出自身配额的企业
必须为他们额外的排放量购买碳信用额,同时排放量低于自身配额的企业可以出售他们的剩余信用额。通过允许碳信用额的买卖,难以降低排放量或减排花费太高的
企业可以为另一个企业付费实现减排,以此达致减少排放污染物的目的。
![]() 有“伦敦袋后”之称的设计师Anya Hindmarch | 对于“道德时装”,批评人士并不给掌声。据英国环境、食品和农村事务部统计,每年英国有95万吨纺织品被扔到垃圾堆中填充地球,腐化分解过程当 中释放的有毒气体危害环境。批评家说,推出几个道德系列,能给商家戴上一个明亮的“绿色”光环,但这个道德系列与他们每年出售的时装总量来比,可能是九牛 一毛。有时候,公平贸易、有机棉花之道德也成了掩盖供应链其他环节不太道德的遮羞布。 |
的确,我们无法否认,在对I’m not a plastic bag趋之若鹜的众人里,存在大量是冲着低价名牌包包去的时尚份子,让他们挤破头皮的动力恐怕并非环保。对此,Anya Hindmarch本人表示,无论人们是出于什么动机来购买这个环保布袋,只要他们使用这个布袋,就会成为“活广告”,把环保的信息传播到他们经过的地 方。对于大众来说,环保就是从小事做起的身体力行。
AD: blogbus 环保袋设计赛
Never mind strapping a flashlight to your head like an old miner, or around your ear like a Borg — this fiber optic light glove brings the light literally to your fingertips. Powered by a battery pack embedded in its wristband, the light source is also in the wrist band, directed by fiber optic pipes to either shine a shadow-free spotlight directly on your work, light up the entire glove in a diffuse floodlight, or both.
Besides being super-handy while working in tight/dark spaces, this could be a boon for night-side traffic cops or ravers of all stripes. We especially like the strategically-located controls, right there on your thumb within easy reach of your index finger. The tech used by this clever design concept might not be quite ready to be cost-effective just yet, but when it is, we’ll wear one of these on each hand.
Design Boom, via Gizmo Watch
Jungle: These two software I have used for my two papers. |
Siemens Acquires innotec to Enhance its Software Offering to the Process Industries |
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Siemens has expanded its portfolio of industrial software with an agreement to acquire innotec GmbH of Schwelm, Germany, an international vendor of digital engineering software and services for the process industry. This acquisition will increase the global leadership of Industry Automation, a division of the Siemens Industry Sector, in the market for industrial software, making Industry Automation the first industrial equipment provider able to offer all sectors of the manufacturing and process industries system-wide solutions for integrating the entire production sequence and production lifecycle. The purchase price of innotec was not disclosed, and the transaction is subject to the agreement of the authorities. This move builds on the successful acquisition of U.S.-based UGS, an industrial software supplier primarily active in the discrete manufacturing industry. With around 200 employees, innotec is one of the leading digital engineering software vendors especially for plants in the process industry. As a result of the acquisition, innotec will become a subsidiary of Siemens AG, and for organizational purposes it will be assigned to the Industrial Automation Systems Business Unit.: "innotec is an outstanding technological supplement to our portfolio. It will make us the first vendor in the world that can offer the process industry an integrated software solution, from the planning stage of a production plant, through operation, right up to modernization,” said CEO Ralf-Michael Franke. “In the future, our customers in the process industry, like those in the discrete manufacturing industry, will be able to significantly reduce the time-to-market with coordinated Siemens technology." According to Franke, the innotec software complements Siemens' automation engineering products and services, such as its Simatic PCS 7 process control system and wide range of process instrumentation. Additionally, the sales expertise of the innotec employees, along with their long-established and close customer relationships with leading companies in the process industry, form a suitable supplement to the corresponding regional sales units of Siemens. "Our customers will continue to receive outstanding
service and support in addition to the latest software technology. As a
part of Siemens, we will provide our customers with a strong partner
and investment security," said Stephan Rohleder, COO of innotec GmbH. IBM Announces Plans to Acquire ILOG ARMONK, NY and PARIS – July 28, 2008 ILOG® (NASDAQ: ILOG; Euronext: ILO, ISIN: FR0004042364) today announced they have signed an agreement regarding a proposed acquisition by IBM of ILOG to be implemented by way of concurrent cash public tender offers in both France and the United States. Through this proposed transaction, IBM will combine its business process management (BPM), business optimization, and service oriented architecture (SOA) technologies with ILOG’s Business Rules Management Systems software. This will enable IBM to help clients deliver critical business information in real-time, allowing them to make better business decisions faster. The cash tender offer will be at a price of €10 per ordinary share and the U.S. dollar equivalent per American Depositary Share (“ADS”) based on the Euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of the settlement of the tender offers, amounting to an aggregate purchase price of approximately €215 million or approximately $US340 million on a fully diluted basis. This price represents a premium of approximately 56 percent compared to ILOG's one month average of closing share prices prior to July 28, 2008, and a 37 percent premium to the closing price of Friday, July 25. | |
It’s interesting what you can find when you look around a bit on Google. I thought I’d look for a few new ebooks to read. I found 20 different ones that might be interesting to you. It never hurts to get a few different perspectives. In all cases, the first link is to a PDF file, the second link is to the site where it’s hosted.
Have any more that you’ve found online that you like? Share them in the comments section. And if you want to re-post the list to your site, by all means, please do! Just please be kind and link back to 20 Free eBooks About Social Media.
***Update I really love Brian Solis and all he does. He pointed out a few of his works that I would highly recommend these, as well:
Not sure if I’ll keep updating the post, but I figure Brian’s great works deserved attention. Feel free to keep adding your finds in the comments.
做 C++
11年,有些感觉,感觉语言不外乎语言(佛家曰:看山不是是山),很是自诩。做了这么久的C/C++,竟然是:蓦然回首,伊人却在灯火阑珊处。去年想过自
己设计语言,参考了D, JAVA, C#, Ruby, PHP, Python
等等,后来又觉得,语言本身不是很重要,重要的只是使用这些语言的人——程序员的接受程度而已。回过头来看看语言生成的目标代码(看看汇编实现)进行过归
纳总结,也有些发现,总的来说,高级的语言生成代码的时候会自动给程序加上一些实现,例如构造函数的调用,原来在C的时候要构造起来得显式调用,到了
C++则由编译器安排;又如模板,就是用一些特定的语法告诉编译器,生成按一定规则预先做一些代码;再说委托,最为本质的就是this指针委托的时候预
存、调用的时候放入EAX寄存器。
所以撇开语言语法,我们可以看到,高级的语言会自动给程序加上一些实现,也不外乎如此——这就是看山不是山的初级境界,希望以后能回到“看山还还是山”的更高境界咯,嘎嘎。
现在回到正题,C/C++与C#(或者Java)的比较就是圣人与巨人的比较,不具备可比性。你是想继承圣人的衣钵呢,还是想站在巨人的肩膀上?悉随尊便!
再看一点,你希望未来的语言为你——普通的程序员做些什么呢?有没有简单实现复杂逻辑的的语言啊?结果是,没有,如果你是总统,可以号召一批人为你做这
些,而不能指望语言能做这个。既然复杂逻辑不能简单实现,那么总可以稍微简化一些吧?那是可以的。只是稍微简化一点而已。现在大部分的高级语言并不具体的
简化某个领域的问题的实现,而是简化了编程本身。
所以高级的语言只能少许简化最终目的问题的解决,而大部分只解决了一些编程本身的问题。简而言之,语言是为程序员度身定做的,越高级,程序员越舒服,自学
成才的和喜欢利用别人成果的人越倾向选择这种;而一开始就看到最终解决问题的复杂性的人(戏称学院式程序员, academic
programmer)则刚好相反,他们会选择语言的特性来简化最终问题实现的,而不是简化编程本身的语言,这样的语言或许非常难学,例如
LISP,CLIPS(C语言产生式处理系统)。
现在看来问题有点清晰了,最终问题的解决被分成2个步骤。第一步编程语言,第二步用此语言解决最终问题。而这2步按照目前的科技水平来说,存在一定的矛
盾,就是语言本身的进步会约束使用语言的自由度等因素进而对最终复杂系统的解决产生负面影响,因而对第二步有阻碍作用,难怪外国有风潮倾向于面向语言编程
的呢。
对于迷雾中的初学者,也是非常难以选择,这里我推荐一种选择方法及其晋级路径:
[] 如果觉得自己有天分的,能很好的驾驭复杂问题的人应该选择自由度大的语言,路径则是专这样的语言3-5年后涉足其他高级语言补充并积累最终问题(不是解决问题的方法),再学习底层以便更宽广的认识自己所学。往继承圣人的衣钵方向发展。
[] 如果觉得自己天分不足,又想使用别人成果的,就站在巨人肩膀,选择相对高级的语言,何况这些语言(C#,java)有非常庞大大的类库支持呢。路径则是学好相对高级的语言,认识API,从API设计者角度看问题,多看看搜集最终问题并进行归类,往平台架构方向发展。
Jungle: 要开始学编程了,呜呜。。。不知又要掉多少头发了。
by Donald Melanson, posted Aug 7th 2008 at 5:38PM
The Dutch town of Hengelo
looks to be taking a rather unique approach to cleaning the air, with
it now testing out a new type of "air-purifying concrete" developed by
the University of Twente that
promises to soak up the nitrogen oxide particles emitted by car
exhausts. That's done with the aid of a titanium dioxide-based additive
which, with the help of some sunlight, binds with the nitrogen oxide
particles and turns them into harmless nitrates, which can apparently
just wash away with the next rain shower.
The town isn't fully
sold on the idea just yet, however, with it only paving half of a road
now under construction with the so-called "green bricks" (pictured
above), while the other half is getting paved with plain old concrete.
They'll then take some air measurements from each section early next
year and decide whether to continue paving the town green or not.
[Via Physorg]
“If we think this is only China’s moment, it’s a big mistake,” the famed composer Tan Dun said. “It’s the moment of the world.”


德国联邦议院中的联盟党团副主席法茨周三在接受帕骚日报采访时表示,赤字累累的德国政府不应该为了向中国提供发展援助更多举债。他认为中国应该,而且也能够自己解决很多问题。而且中国政府的财政状况比德国要好得多。
法茨对德国之声表示,德国政府的财政赤字高达17000亿欧元,而中国的外汇储备就有16000亿美元。在此情况下,人们势必要思考,在与中国的合 作中,有一部份是否应与发展援助脱钩,"如果德国能提供某个问题的解决方案,当然应该向中国展示。中国方面如果有兴趣,我们可以出售,而不是无偿赠送。另 外我认为经济领域的合作首先是经济和外交部门的职责范围,而不是发展援助部。我们应该把中国当作重要的经济伙伴,而不是需要无私帮助的发展中国家。"
德国发展合作政策研究所的经济专家沃尔夫指出,讨论这一问题,首先应该发展援助包括的范围。在中德两国的双边合作中,由德国发展援助部资助的项目都 被归入了发展援助的范畴,但实际上许多已经不是传统意义上的援助 ,"德国对中国的发展援助近几年来结构上有了明显的变化。我认为不应再称为援助,而是合作。其中环保方面的合作占到德方预算的三分之二。其他项目还包括法 制国家对话,科研教育合作等。中国在这些领域的发展也符合德国的利益。至于是用哪个部的名义出资,是次要的。但从长期看,我们需要投入这些资金,这符合德 中双方的利益。"
作为温室气体排放大国,中国的环保和能源技术的提高,政策的改善备受发达国家的关注,后者希望中国能尽快减少二氧化碳排放,为制止全球气候变暖做出 贡献。沃尔夫认为:"要同中国或其他国家共同解决全球性问题,我们必须手中有资金。当然要做到目标明确,严格审核,但这样的合作不可能是不花钱的。有些任 务不可能由经济界独自完成。经验证明,尤其在环保领域,不能指望单靠市场调节,我们需要公共资金参与推动一些项目,比如可再生能源的开发。"
沃尔夫还指出,尽管在类似问题上,必须重视全球性框架。但从长期看,双边合作也十分重要。中国需要先进的技术和管理经验,而德国在科研,环保等领域又有这么好的机会。所以双边合作的渠道应该保持畅通。
基民盟政治家法茨在呼吁减少对华援助的同时强调,由发展援助部资助的中德法制国家对话必须继续进行下去。他表示,对话的德方组织,尤其是政治基金会应该继续参与对话。而且中国法制进步也符合德国投资者的利益。
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